What is meant by the term "incarnation" in Christian theology?

In Christian theology, "incarnation" specifically refers to the doctrine concerning the union of divine and human natures in Jesus Christ. This key concept establishes that Jesus is both fully divine and fully human. The term comes from the Latin "incarnatio," which translates to "to be made flesh," indicating that the eternal Word of God took on human form through the birth of Jesus.

The significance of the incarnation lies in its implications for salvation, as it affirms that God chose to enter into human experience and existence, allowing for a genuine relationship with humanity. It is central to understanding the nature of Christ and His role in redemption, righteousness, and ultimate reconciliation between God and humanity.

Other options reflect important events or doctrines within Christianity but do not encompass the definition of incarnation itself. Each of them touches on different aspects of Christ's life and work but does not address the fundamental theological understanding of the union of divine and human natures that is encapsulated in the term "incarnation."